One of the inspiring principles of Law 42/2007, of December 13, of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, and without a doubt the most important, is the preservation of biological and genetic diversity, of the populations and of the species. On this principle, one of the most important purposes of this law is to stop the current rate of loss of biological diversity, and in this context it points out in Article 52.1 that in order to guarantee the conservation of the biodiversity that lives in State of the wild, autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status shall establish specific protection regimes for those wild species where the situation so requires. However, in addition to the conservation actions carried out by the public authorities, to achieve that purpose, Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007 in Articles 53 and 55 creates, on a basic basis, the List of Species Wild under special protection and, within it, the Spanish Catalogue of Threatened Species. In addition, a number of protective effects are established for the species included in these instruments and two categories of classification are established, such as those of "vulnerable" and "endangered", a distinction that allows for establish priorities for action and identify those species that need greater attention. Finally, it provides for the regulatory development of the Listing, a general purpose to which this royal decree responds.

Together with this initial task of general development of the Listado, this royal decree adapts, on the one hand, the previous National Catalogue of Endangered Species, regulated by Royal Decree 439/1990, of 30 March 1990 (which with this real decree is repealed) with respect to protected species classified with categories which have disappeared in the new law, taking into account the provisions of the single transitional provision of Law 42/2007 of 13 December; and classification of species, in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 55.2 of that law, on cataloging, uncataloguing or changing species category.

In addition to the general protection that Law 42/2007, of December 13, confers on all these species and their habitat, their inclusion in the Listing entails the need to carry out periodically an evaluation of their status conservation. To this end, information must be available on the most relevant aspects of their biology and ecology, as a basis for making a diagnosis of their situation and assessing whether or not the conservation status is favorable. This assessment will allow for changes to be justified in the List and in the Catalogue. In this context, Law 42/2007, of 13 December, created the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity (hereinafter the Commission), as an advisory and cooperation body among public administrations. In addition, Royal Decree 1424/2008 of 14 August, which develops the functions of this Commission, in turn set up the Committee on Wild Fauna and Flora (hereinafter the Committee) as a technical body specialising in this matter.

In the specific case of the species included in the Catalogue, active management of their populations should be carried out by the implementation of specific measures by public administrations. These measures will take concrete form in the adoption of conservation strategies and action plans. In this sense, Law 42/2007, of December 13, gives a legal framework to strategies for the conservation of threatened species and the fight against the main threats to biodiversity, identifying them as guiding technical documents for the preparation of the conservation and recovery plans to be approved by the Autonomous Communities and the cities with autonomy status, without prejudice to the powers of the General Administration of the State on marine biodiversity, as provided for in Article 6 of that Law No 42/2007 of 13 December 2007. On the other hand, Law 31/2003 of 27 October on the conservation of wild fauna in zoos also provides for specific measures for the protection and recovery of endangered species through the implementation of Ex situ conservation.

The possible actions arising from the development of this royal decree may receive financial support from the Fund for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, provided for in Article 74 of Law 42/2007, of December 13.

This royal decree has been submitted to the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity and the State Council for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity.

The text has also been made available to the public, in accordance with the provisions of article 16 of Law 27/2006 of July 18, which regulates the rights to information, public participation and access to justice in environmental matter.

In the process of the royal decree, the autonomous communities and the cities with autonomy status and the representative entities of the sector that are affected have been consulted.

In its virtue, on the proposal of the Minister of the Environment, and the Rural and Marine Environment, with the prior approval of the Minister of the Presidency, in agreement with the Council of State and after deliberation of the Council of Ministers, in its Meeting of the day 4 February 2011,

DISPONGO:

CHAPTER I

General provisions

Article 1. Object.

It is the object of this royal decree to develop some of the contents of Chapters I and II of Title III of Law 42/2007, of December 13, of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, and in regular concrete:

a) The characteristics, content and procedures of inclusion, change of category and exclusion of species in the List of Wild Species in Special Protection Regime and in the Spanish Catalogue of Threatened Species.

(b) The guidelines for periodic assessment of the conservation status of the species included in the List and in the Catalogue.

c) The characteristics and content of the conservation strategies of the Catalogue species and the fight against the main threats to biodiversity.

d) The technical conditions necessary for the reintroduction of extinct species and the strengthening of populations.

e) The natural conditions required for the survival or recovery of threatened wildlife.

f) Aspects of cooperation for the conservation of threatened species.

Article 2. Definitions.

For the purposes of this royal decree, it is understood by:

1. Threat to biodiversity: a factor or set of biotic and abiotic factors that negatively affect the conservation status of one or more species.

2. Critical area for a species: those sectors included in the area of distribution that contain habitat essential for the favorable conservation of the species or that due to their strategic situation for the species require their proper maintenance.

3. In situ conservation: conservation of natural and semi-natural ecosystems and habitats by maintaining and recovering viable populations of wild species in their environments

4. Ex situ conservation: conservation of components of biological diversity outside their natural habitats.

5. Native species: the existing one within its natural range.

6. Threatened species: refers to species whose survival is unlikely if the causal factors of their present situation continue to act or the species whose populations are at risk of finding themselves in a situation of survival. in the immediate future if the adverse factors acting on them are not corrected. To meet these conditions, species, subspecies or populations may be incorporated into the Catalogue.

7. Extinct species or extinct taxon: native species or taxon missing in the past from its natural range.

8. Wild species under special protection: species worthy of particular attention and protection on the basis of their scientific, ecological and cultural value, singularity, rarity, or degree of threat, argued and scientifically justified; as well as that which appears as protected in the annexes to the directives and international conventions ratified by Spain, and which to fulfil these conditions are incorporated in the Listing.

9. Conservation status of a species: status or status of that species, defined by the set of factors or processes acting on it and which may affect the distribution and size of its populations in the medium and long term Spanish geography.

10. Favourable conservation status of a species: when its population dynamics indicate that it follows and can continue to constitute a living element of the habitat to which it belongs in the long term; the area of natural distribution is not being reduced or reduction threats for the foreseeable future; there is and probably still long-term habitat for long-term populations to remain.

11. Unfavourable conservation status of a species: when any of the conditions set out in the previous definition are not met.

12. Habitat of a species: means defined by specific abiotic factors and biotic species where the species lives in one of the phases of its biological cycle.

13. Reintroduction: A process that tries to establish a species in an area where it has been extinguished.

14. Imminent risk of extinction: a situation of a species which, according to the information available, indicates high chances of extinction in the very short term.

Article 3. Scope of application.

1. This royal decree shall apply in the territory of the Spanish State and in the maritime waters under Spanish sovereignty or jurisdiction, including the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf.

2. The provisions of the foregoing paragraph shall be without prejudice to the actions of international cooperation or the jurisdiction of the Spanish State in respect of persons and vessels, aircraft or installations in the cases provided for in Article 6 of the Law. 42/2007, dated December 13.

CHAPTER II

Content, features, and operation of the List and Catalog

Article 4. Contents of the List and Catalog.

The subspecies, species, and populations that make up the Listing and Catalog are the ones listed in the Annex.

Article 5. Features of the List and Catalog.

1. In accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 53 of Law No 42/2007 of 13 December 2007, the list shall include species, subspecies and stocks which are worthy of particular attention and protection in the light of their scientific value, ecological, cultural, singularity, rarity or degree of threat, as well as those listed as protected in the annexes to the directives and international conventions ratified by Spain. The inclusion of species, subspecies and populations in the Listing shall entail the application of the provisions referred to in Articles 54, 56 and 76 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007.

2. Within the Listing, the Catalogue is created which includes, when technical or scientific information is available, the species that are threatened by including them in some of the following categories:

(a) In danger of extinction: species, subspecies or population of a species whose survival is unlikely if the causal factors of its present situation continue to act.

b) Vulnerable: species, subspecies or population of a species that risks moving to the previous category in the immediate future if the adverse factors acting on it are not corrected.

3. The List and the Catalogue are public records of an administrative and state-wide nature, whose custody and maintenance are administratively dependent on the Ministry of the Environment, and the Rural and Marine Environment (hereinafter MARM). The information contained in the register of the List and the Catalogue is published and the access to it is regulated according to the provisions of Law 27/2006, of July 18. However, for safety reasons to protect the species ' breeding, feeding, resting or habitat sites, access to that type of information may be refused on the basis of that decision, in accordance with the provisions of the Article 13.2 of that Law 27/2006, of July 18.

Article 6. Procedure for inclusion, change of category or exclusion of species in the List and in the Catalogue.

1. Species shall be included in the register of the List by the procedure set out in this Article.

2. In the case of species listed as protected in the Annexes to the rules or decisions of the European Union and the international conventions ratified by Spain, their inclusion in the List shall be carried out on their own initiative by the MARM, notifying in advance such inclusion to the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity. In this case, without prejudice to its inclusion in the Listing, for the purposes of the specific arrangements applicable and for the inclusion, where appropriate, of the Catalogue, the uniqueness of the geographical distribution and the state of conservation of the species in our country, after consulting the autonomous communities or cities with the status of autonomy affected.

3. In addition to the procedure referred to in the previous paragraph, the initiation of the procedure for inclusion, change of category or exclusion of a species in the List and Catalogue shall be carried out on the initiative of the Autonomous Communities and cities with autonomy status, by referring a request to the General Directorate of Natural Environment and Forestry Policy of the MARM (hereinafter the Directorate General), following the procedure laid down in Articles 53.1 and 55.2 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December, for the Listing and the Catalogue, respectively. This should be motivated and accompanied by supporting scientific information, as well as the references of the scientific reports and publications that may have been used.

4. With the above information, the Directorate-General will draw up a supporting document. This memory must have taken into account the "guiding criteria for the inclusion of taxa and populations in catalogues of threatened species approved by the National Commission for the Protection of Nature on 17 March 2004", and any other information deemed necessary, without prejudice to the provisions of the third additional provision.

The Directorate-General will transmit the technical memory to the autonomous community or city with a status of autonomy where the affected species is located and at the initiative of these or the General Directorate itself, the aforementioned The report shall be forwarded to the Committee on Wild Fauna and Flora for evaluation. This Committee shall, where appropriate, consult the Scientific Committee set up in Article 7 of this Royal Decree and shall inform the Commission of the outcome of the assessment. With the above information, the Commission will move the proposal for inclusion, change of category or exclusion from the List or Catalogue to the Directorate-General, who will conclude whether or not there are reasons to justify the inclusion, change of category or exclusion.

5. Any citizen or organisation may ask the Directorate-General for the initiation of the procedure for inclusion, change of category or exclusion of a species in the List and Catalogue, accompanied by supporting scientific information, to the less, in relation to the scientific, ecological, cultural, singularity, rarity or degree of threat of the proposed species, as well as the references of the scientific reports and publications used, following the procedure laid down in the Articles 53.1 and 55.2 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007 for the Listing and the Catalogue, respectively. Such a request may be submitted in the Directorate-General by appropriate means, including electronic means, in application of Law 30/1992 of 26 November and Law 11/2007 of 22 June of electronic access of citizens to the public services. In the event that the application is defective or incomplete, the applicant shall be required to remedy the defects or to provide the additional documentation within three months. After that time limit, the file shall be notified to the applicant, without any such defect being remedied or by the additional documentation. In the event that the applicant subsates the defects or presents the supplementary documentation in the time provided for, the relevant application shall be processed in accordance with the procedure referred to in the previous paragraph. Once the application has been assessed, the Directorate-General shall notify its decision in a reasoned manner to the applicant within a maximum of six months from the date of receipt of the request in the Directorate-General, ending the administrative route. After that period has not been notified, the request shall be deemed to be dismissed.

6. Only species and subspecies that have been described taxonomically in a scientific publication of recognised prestige and have been agreed by the scientific community may be included in the List and the Catalogue.

7. Once the processing has been completed, the draft order containing the amendment of the Annex to this royal decree to include, exclude or modify the classification of some species will be raised to the Minister for signature, in accordance with the provisions of the Second final provision and subsequently published in the Official Gazette of the State.

Article 7. The Scientific Committee.

1. In order to assist the Committee on Wild Fauna and Flora in relation to the previous article and in other matters relating to this royal decree, a scientific committee shall be established as a consultative body of the Directorate-General and the Autonomous Communities, when they so request.

2. The Scientific Committee at the request of the Wild Fauna and Flora Committee, of the Directorate-General, or of the Autonomous Communities, shall report on:

a) Proposals for inclusion, category change, or exclusion of species in the List and Catalog.

b) The updating of the "guiding criteria for the inclusion of taxa and populations in endangered species catalogues" approved by the National Commission for the Protection of Nature on March 17, 2004.

c) The taxonomic validity of the included species or proposals for inclusion in the Listing and the Catalogue.

d) The methodology for assessing the conservation status of species according to the European guidelines in this field.

e) How many measures are deemed appropriate for the best development of the List and the Catalogue and any other aspect related to the content of this royal decree.

3. The scientific committee shall be composed of a maximum of 19 members. Seventeen of them will be appointed by the MARM:

(a) Nine on the proposal of autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status, selected among experts on the basis of the criteria of representation of the large taxonomic groups of biodiversity and regions

spanish biogeographical

b) Five on the proposal of non-governmental organizations that are part of the State Council of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity.

c) One appointed by the Secretary General of the Sea and two by the Secretary of State for Climate Change, one of whom will be secretary.

In the assumptions (a) and (b) the proposed experts must accredit a broad and proven scientific experience in the subjects that the present royal decree treats.

In addition, two representatives of the research institutes and institutes attached to the Ministry of Science and Innovation, appointed by the Ministry of Science and Technology, will be included.

To ensure the representation of the different taxonomic groups represented in the Listing and Catalog, the designated experts may be advised by the specialists they see fit.

Your President will be elected from among its members. The duration of his term of office shall be two years, which may be extended, by the scientific committee, for the same period. The Secretary shall draw up the record of the deliberations and agreements adopted by the Scientific Committee and forward it to the Chairman of the Wild Fauna and Flora Committee, who shall distribute it among its members.

4. The Scientific Committee has the headquarters of the Directorate-General and shall meet at least once a year and may approve an internal rules of procedure.

5. The Directorate-General shall provide the logistical support and funding necessary for the organisation of meetings.

Article 8. Information contained in the List and Catalog records.

1. The List record includes for each species the following information:

a) Scientific name, vulgar names, and taxonomic position.

b) The administrative process of your listing in the Listing.

c) Territorial scope occupied by the species.

d) Criteria and brief technical justification for the causes of inclusion, modification or exclusion, with specific reference to the evolution of its population, natural distribution and characteristic habitat.

e) Indication of the periodic assessment of its conservation status.

2. For the species included in the Catalogue, in addition to the above information, it shall include the following:

a) Threat category.

b) Diagnosis of the conservation status, including information on capture control, collection and sampling systems, and statistics on accidental deaths that are transmitted by the Autonomous Communities and cities with autonomy status or MARM itself.

c) Reference to strategies and conservation and recovery plans published by autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status or strategies approved by the General Administration of the State, which affect the species.

3. The information contained in the register of the List and the Catalogue will be supplied by the Autonomous Communities and cities with autonomy status or by the MARM itself. This shall be updated as there is information on changes in the conservation status of the species, on the basis of the provisions of Article 9 or the assumptions of Articles 5 and 6.

4. The information concerning the procedures for inclusion, change of category or exclusion that have occurred in the List and the Catalogue shall form part of the annual report of the state and evolution of the Natural Heritage and the Biodiversity foreseen in the Article 11 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December.

Article 9. Periodic assessment of the conservation status.

1. The species included in the List shall be subject to specific monitoring by the autonomous communities in their territorial areas in order to carry out a periodic assessment of their conservation status. This monitoring will be carried out in a coordinated manner for those species that share the same conservation problems, certain environmental affinities, habitat or geographical areas.

2. The assessment of the conservation status of the species shall be carried out by the autonomous community or city with a status of autonomy in the territory of which those species are located. In the event that the species is distributed through the territory of more than one autonomous community, the MARM and the autonomous communities will adopt the coordination mechanisms that come through the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity. The assessment shall include information on the evolution of the species ' distribution area and the conservation status of its populations, with particular reference to catch or harvest statistics, accidental deaths and an assessment of the its impact on the viability of the species.

3. For the case of species falling within the "endangered" category of the Catalogue, the assessment shall, wherever possible, include information on the following:

a) Changes to your distribution area, both occupancy and presence.

b) Dynamics and population viability.

c) Habitat status, including an assessment of the quality, extent, degree of fragmentation, load capacity and main threats.

d) Assessment of risk factors.

4. The assessment of the species in the List shall be carried out at least every six years. For the species included in the Catalogue and unless the species strategy indicates a different frequency, the evaluations shall be carried out at most every six years for the species considered as 'vulnerable' and every three years for the species. species considered to be "endangered". To facilitate the issuance of the reports required by the European Commission pursuant to Article 17.1 of Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of fauna and flora In order to ensure the conservation of wild birds, the Commission shall, in accordance with Article 12 of Directive 2009 /147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds, will ensure that both reports match in time.

5. According to Articles 47 and 53.3 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December, the Autonomous Communities will communicate to the MARM the significant changes in the conservation status of the priority Community interest species and of Annex IV of the Law. 42/2007, of 13 December, which are detected in their geographical scope.

Article 10. Consideration of a critical situation of a species.

1. If the monitoring or evaluation of the conservation status of a species has led to an imminent risk of extinction, the Commission shall forward to the Sectoral Environment Conference a proposal for the consideration of this species. as a critical species. If it is to be approved, the budgetary allocation of the Fund for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity will therefore be fully affected by the adoption of urgent measures to prevent the imminent extinction of the species, and on the initiative of The Directorate-General shall make the changes to the initial appropriations of the current budget which are possible for this action by the MARM, where appropriate, where there is no adequate credit or insufficient and non-extensible the entry, to the processing of an extraordinary or supplementary credit of the initially provided for in the terms of Article 55 of Law 47/2003 of 26 November 2003, General Budget.

2. In order to coordinate the implementation of the emergency measures, a working group will be created within the State Commission, consisting of at least one representative of the MARM and each of the autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status. of the range of the species.

CHAPTER III

Conservation strategies and programs

Article 11. Strategies for the conservation of threatened species and the fight against major threats to biodiversity.

1. The strategies for the conservation or recovery of species are as guiding criteria or guidelines for recovery plans, in the case of endangered species, and conservation plans, in the case of vulnerable species, which must develop and develop autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status, or MARM in the field of their competences in the marine environment, in accordance with Article 6 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December.

The strategies for combating biodiversity threats are as guiding criteria or guidelines for action plans or other similar measures to combat the threats to biodiversity that they adopt. autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status.

2. In the preparation of the strategies, priority will be given to the species at greatest risk of extinction and in the case of the fight against the main threats to biodiversity, to those that affect a greater number of species included in the Catalogue, such as the illegal use of toxic substances, electrocution and collision with electric power lines or plumbism.

Conservation strategies for species will be developed when they are included in the Catalogue and are present in more than one autonomous community or city with autonomy status. Strategies to combat threats to biodiversity will be developed for threats at the state level or affecting more than one autonomous community or city with autonomy status.

3. In the case of threatened species sharing similar geographical distributions, habitat, ecological requirements or conservation issues, multi-specific strategies may be developed and, as a consequence, the recovery and recovery plans. conservation might have the same character.

Recovery or conservation plans for species or populations that live exclusively or in high proportion in protected natural areas, Natura 2000 Network or in areas protected by international instruments, may be articulated through the corresponding planning and management figures of these spaces, being able to adopt a similar content to the one described in the following section.

4. The strategies will have at least the following content:

a) Identification of the species (s) or threat (s) for the biodiversity that is the subject of the strategy.

b) Delimitation of the geographical scope of application.

c) Identification and description of limiting or threat factors for the species or for biodiversity.

d) Evaluation of the actions taken.

e) Diagnosis of the conservation status in the case of species.

f) Finality to be achieved, with quantifiable objectives.

g) Criteria for the delimitation and location of critical areas in the case of species.

h) Guidance criteria on the compatibility between species requirements and land use and use.

i) Recommended actions to eliminate or mitigate the effect of the identified limiting or threat factors.

j) Update Periods.

5. The strategies will be developed by the Directorate-General and the Autonomous Communities and the cities with autonomy status within the framework of the specialized committees of the Commission and will be approved by the Sectoral Conference of the Environment, Proposal from the Commission, after consulting the State Council for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity. The strategies will be published in the Official State Gazette.

6. The Directorate-General will be responsible for coordinating the implementation of the strategies, with the possibility of providing technical and financial assistance to the autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status, through the Fund for Natural Heritage and the Biodiversity. This Fund will also be able to co-finance the plans derived from the strategies, in the terms that are established in the corresponding agreements with the autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status.

Article 12. Ex situ conservation and spread of threatened wildlife.

1. As a complement to the conservation on the spot and provided that the conditions of the wild population permit, the Commission shall promote the performance of captive breeding, ex situ conservation or propagation programmes outside its natural habitat, for the species included in the Catalogue in whose strategy, or in whose corresponding conservation or recovery plans, this measure appears, giving priority to the endemic Spanish species included in the endangered category of the Catalogue. These programmes shall be aimed at the establishment of genetic reserves and/or the production of specimens suitable for re-introduction into the natural environment. In any case, the need for captive breeding or ex situ conservation programmes must have been previously recommended in a study or in a population feasibility analysis.

2. MARM, within the framework of Article 4 (a) of Law 31/2003 of 27 October, for the conservation of wild fauna in zoos, may establish, in coordination with the autonomous communities and cities with a status of autonomy, the relevant financial mechanisms to encourage the participation of non-profit institutions and organisations, zoos, aquariums, botanical gardens and public and private research centres, or conservation, in the captive breeding and propagation of threatened species.

3. For the purposes of Article 59.2 of Law No 42/2007 of 13 December 2007, the Commission shall agree to the designation and conditions of reference centres at national level, with the Directorate-General being responsible for coordinating the respective ex situ conservation programmes.

4. The Commission will promote the existence of a network of banks of biological and genetic material, giving priority to the preservation of biological and genetic material from endangered endemic species.

5. Autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status must maintain a register of the banks of biological and genetic material of wild species in their territory, with updated information on collections of material. biological and genetic fauna and flora that they maintain in their facilities.

Article 13. Reintroduction of species.

1. In the case of the reintroduction of extinct species in a given territorial area of which there are still wild or captive populations, and which may be extended by several autonomous communities, a programme must exist. It will be submitted to the Commission, after a report from the Committee on Wild Fauna and Flora, and subsequently adopted by the Sectoral Conference on the Environment. In the case of projects for the reintroduction of species in the field of an autonomous community and provided that these species are not susceptible to spread by other autonomous communities, the projects shall be communicated to the Commission only.

2. The assessment of whether or not a programme for the reintroduction of a species likely to be extended by several autonomous communities should be based on an assessment to be taken into account:

a) Previous experiences with the same or similar species.

b) The recommendations contained in the most current international guidelines and the guiding criteria developed jointly by the MARM and the Autonomous Communities, in the field of the Wild Fauna and Flora Committee.

c) A proper public participation and audience.

The scientific committee will be consulted in this evaluation, which will deliver an opinion on the scientific nature and validity of the reintroduction programme. The Committee on Wild Fauna and Flora, as a technical committee which analyses and raises proposals to the Commission, will draw up a technical opinion assessing the compliance or compliance of the reintroduction programme with the conditions of the previous paragraph.

3. The reintroduction programme shall be included in the conservation strategy of the species. In the event that there is no strategy for the species, it should be included in the corresponding plans approved by the autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status.

4. In the areas of potential reintroduction or expansion of the species covered by the reintroduction programmes, conservation measures and management tools specific to these areas or integrated into other plans shall be established in order to avoid negative conditions for species that have motivated the designation of these areas.

Article 14. Cooperation with the Autonomous Communities.

The MARM will be able to provide and agree with the autonomous communities and cities with autonomy status to provide technical and economic assistance for the elaboration of the various recovery, conservation, action or re-introduction and for the implementation of the measures in question.

Article 15. International cooperation for the conservation of endangered species.

In the area of international agreements and agreements ratified by Spain, MARM will collaborate with other countries in the elaboration and implementation of actions contained in the international strategies and plans of action for threatened species, giving priority to the species at greatest risk of extinction worldwide, to those species that are most interested in Spain for their biogeographical proximity and to those that have a potential interest for our country.

MARM in coordination with the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for Development, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, will promote the development of the actions contemplated in the strategies and plans international threatened species, through the financing of specific actions and projects, extraordinary contributions to international bodies or any other mechanism.

Additional disposition first. Competences on marine biodiversity in relation to this royal decree.

In relation to the content of this royal decree, the exercise of administrative functions in respect of marine biodiversity shall be exercised in accordance with the provisions of Article 6 of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007, and to Article 28.h of Law 41/2010 of 29 December of the Protection of the Marine Environment. It is up to the Government to include, change category or exclude marine species in the List of Wild Species in Special Protection Regime as well as in the Spanish Catalogue of Endangered Species.

For the purposes of Article 6.b) of Law 42/2007, of December 13, of Natural Heritage and Biodiversity, it is considered a highly migratory marine species, any population or any part of the population geographically separated from any species or lower taxon of wild marine animals, the significant proportion of which cross the Spanish jurisdictional border in a cyclical and foreseeable manner. These species are generally able to move relatively wide distances, and the populations of these species are likely to be found regularly both in the geographical area of the territorial sea and in the exclusive economic zone as in high seas.

Additional provision second. Species accidentally or illegally introduced outside their natural range.

The obligations contained in Articles 9 and 11 of this Standard shall not apply in the case of species of the List and Catalogue entered accidentally or illegally outside their natural distribution areas. In cases where these species have a negative impact on biodiversity or cause significant damage to economic activities, the autonomous communities and the cities with the status of autonomy concerned may apply for the exclusion or adaptation in their respective territorial areas of the legal protection of populations of these species.

Additional provision third. Approval of Criteria for the inclusion of taxa and populations in the Spanish Catalogue of Threatened Species.

The guiding criteria for the inclusion of taxa and populations in the Spanish Catalogue of Threatened Species will be approved by the Government and published in the Official Gazette of the State, following the consultation of the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity and the State Council for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity.

Single transient arrangement. Strategies for the conservation of threatened species and the fight against the main threats to biodiversity approved.

The conservation strategies of threatened species and the fight against the main threats to biodiversity approved prior to the entry into force of this royal decree that do not conform to the provisions of the Article 57 of Law 42/2007, of 13 December, must be adapted to this, for which it will be carried out, if the adaptation or update is necessary, as provided for in article 10 of this royal decree. Within one year, the State Commission for Natural Heritage and Biodiversity should review the strategies already approved to determine whether such adaptation should be carried out.

Also, the strategies for conservation of species and the fight against the main threats to biodiversity approved prior to the entry into force of this royal decree should be published in the Official Journal of the Status.

Single repeal provision. Regulatory repeal.

Royal Decree 439/1990 of 30 March 1990 of Regulation of the National Catalogue of Threatened Species and the Order of 29 August 1996, Order of 9 July 1998, Order of 9 June 1999, Order of 10 March 1999, is hereby repealed. 2000, Order of 28 May 2001, Order MAM/2734/2002, of 21 October, Order MAM/1653/2003, of 10 March, Order MAM/2784/2004, of 28 May, Order MAM/2231/2005, of 27 June and Order MAM/1498/2006, of 26 April.

Final disposition first. Competence title.

This royal decree has the character of basic legislation on environmental protection, in accordance with the provisions of article 149.1.23 of the Spanish Constitution.

Final disposition second. Faculty of development.

Without prejudice to the second paragraph of the eighth final provision of Law 42/2007 of 13 December 2007, the holder of the Ministry of the Environment and the Rural and Marine Environment, in the field of its competence, is empowered to amend, by way of a Ministerial Order, the Annex in order to update it and, where appropriate, adapt it to Community legislation.

Final disposition third. Entry into force

This royal decree will enter into force on the day following its publication in the "Official State Gazette".

Given in Madrid, on February 4, 2011.

JOHN CARLOS R.

The Minister for the Environment, and the Rural and Marine Environment,

ROSA AGUILAR RIVERO

ANNEX

List of Species included in the List of Wild Species in Special Protection Regime and, where appropriate, in the Spanish Catalogue of Threatened Species

Scientific Name

Dryopteris corleyi

Woodwardia radicans

Dryopteridaceae

Hymenophylum wilsoni

Isoetaceae

ANGIOSPERMAS

Narcissus longispathus

Asclepidaceae

Boraginaceae

Echium handiense

Jasione Lusitanica

Silene hifacensis

At Risk of Extinction

Helianthemum juliae

Centaurea avilae

Erigeron frigid

Senecio nevadensis

Tanacetum oshanahanii

Monanthes wildpretii

Euphorbia handiensis

vulnerable

danger of extinction

Risk of Extinction

Teucrium lepicephalum

Astragalus nitidiflorus

danger of extinction

Kosteletzkya pentacarpos

Orobanchaceae

Orobanche densiflora

Armory velutin

Limonium fruticans

danger of extinction

Ranunculus weylerii

Bencomia sphaerocarpa

fat

Apium repens

Apium bermeoi

Zannichelliaceae

Jungermannia handelii

Ptiloptime

Mediterranean

Sargassum hornschuchii

Common Name	Referred Population	Catalog
FLORA
pteridoppyta
	Aspleniaceae
Asplenium hemionitis	Candid herb
Aspidaceae
Blechnaceae
Pijara
Dicksoniaceae
	Macrocarp Culcite	Coltender Helm
Diplazium caudatum	Shadow Helm	Canary
	Peninsula	Peninsula	Peninsula	Peninsula	Peninsula extinction
Hymenophylaceae
	Trichomanes speciosum	Crystal Helm
			At Risk of Extinction
	Marsilea quadrifolia
Ophioglossaceae
	Ophioglossum polyphylum	foliosa language
Incomplete Pteris	Canarias		Vulnerable
Pteris		Peninsula	Peninsula
molesworthiae	Helecho broom
Thelypteridaceae
Christella dentata	Helecha		In danger of extinction
GYMNOSPERMAS
Cupressaceae
Juniperus cedrus
	Tetraclinis articulata
			At Risk of Extinction
Amaryllidaceae
	Narcissus asturiensis	Narciso de Asturias
	Narcissus cyclamineus
	Narcissus fernandesii
Narcissus humilis
Narcissus pseudonarcissus subsp. nobilis
Narcissus triandrus
Narcissus viridflorus
		In danger of extinction
	Narcissus nevadensis	Villafuerte Narciso		At Risk of Extinction
Aquifolaceae
	Ilex perate subsp. lopezlilloi	wildcat orange		Asclepidaceae
Caraluma burchardii	String
	Ceropegia chrysantha
	Ceropegia dichiotoma subsp.krainzii	Gomero Cardoncillo
Echium gentianoids	Taginaste summit palmer
	Echium pininana	Pininana
		At Risk of Extinction
	Litodora
Omphalodes littoralis subsp. gallaecica
	Campanulaceae
Blue button
Caprifoliaceae
	Sambucus palmensis	Canarian Sauc
Caryophyllaceae
	Arenaria alfacarensis	Stone Plant
Arenaria nevadensis	Arenaria		At Risk of Extinction
	Dianthus rupture
	Moehringia fontqueri
	Petroloctis grandiflora
	Petrocoptis montsicana
	Petrocoptis pseudoviscosa
Ifach Silene	Balearic
Silene hifacensis	Ifach Silene	Peninsula	At Risk of Extinction
Marian Silene
Silene nocteolens	Teide Canutil
	Cistaceae
	Cistus chinamadensis	Chinamada Amagante
Cistus heterophyllus (=C. h.carthaginensis)	Cartagena Jara		Endangered
	Helianthemum alypoides
	Helianthemum capput-felis
Helianthemum bramweliorum	Guinate Jarilla
Helianthemum bytropogophyllum	Helianthemum bytropogophyllum
Helianthemum gonzalezferreri		in danger of
Helianthemum inaguae	Inwater Jarilla
Helianthemum teneriffae	Agache Jarilla
Compositae
Argyranthemum lidi	Margarita from Lid
Argyranthemum sundingii	Sunding Magarza		In danger of extinction
	Argyranthemum winteri	Jandia Margarita
Artemisia granatensis	Sierra Nevada Manzanilla
	Aster pyrenaeus	Pyrenees Star		In Danger Extinction
arbuscula Atractylis	Cancelillo
Atractylis preauxiana	Sea Pine		In danger of extinction
Carduncellus dianius	Cardon	Balearic
	Carduus myriacanthus
					citricolor
Centaurea boissieri subsp. spachii
Centaurea pulvinata
	Cheirolophus durani	Cabezon herreno		In danger of extinction
	Cheirolophus falcicetus	Gui-Gui Cabezon			Cheirolophus ghomerytus
gomero header
Cheirolophus junonianus	Tenegui
	Cheirolophus metlesicsi	Anavingo's Cabitch			Cheirolophus santos-abreui
Snow Cabitch
	At Risk of Extinction
Cheirolophus satarataensis	Satarata Header
Cheirolophus sventeni subsp. gracilis	Tijarafe's Cabezon
Cheirolophus tagananensis	Taganana Header
	Crepis granatensis
	Crepis
	Balearic Femeniasia	Socarrell bord
	Helichrysum Alucense	Yesquera de Aluce		In danger of extinction
	Helichrysum gossypinum
	Helichrysum monogynum	Red Yesquera
				Endangered
	Hymenostemma Pseudoanthemis
	Hypochoeris oligocephala	The Fraile Lechuguilla
	urinea fontqueri			In danger of extinction
	Leontodon boryi
	Leontodon microcephalus
	Onopordum	Tenteniguada Cardo			Onopordum nogalesii
Jandia Cardo		At Risk of Extinction
Pericallis appendculata	Grand Canarian	Gran Canaria	extinction
	Pericallis hadrosome	woody May Flower
			In danger of extinction	Lady
Santolina elegans
	Santolina semidentata
	Senecio hermosae	Turgiate gomero
elodes	Cinerary
Sonchus gandoeri	Gulf lock
Stemmacantha cynaroids	Silver Cardo		In Danger extinction
	Svenenia bupleuroids
Guyana Margarza
Tanacetum ptarmiflorum	Magarza silver
	Tolpis glabrescens		In danger of extinction
	Convolvulus capput-medusae	Canarian Chaparro
Convolvulus lopezsoalmost	Correguelon Famara
Convolvulus subauriculatus	Correguelon gomero		In danger extinction
Crassulaceae
Aeonium balsamerum
Aeonium gomerense		Gomero Bejeque
Aeonium saundersii	La Gomera hairy bejequillo
Boleum asperum
Chinamada
Cruciferae
Alyssum fastigiatum			Endangered
	Coincya rupestris subsp. rupestris
	Coronopus navasi
	Crambe arborea	Guimar Collderisco
Crambe laevigata	Teno Colldersco
	Crambe scopia
	Crambe sventeni	Colino majorero		Diplotaxis siettiana
	Alboran Jaramago		At Risk of Extinction
Jonopsidium savanum
	Lepidum cardamines
	Parolinia schizogynoides
Sisymbrium cavanilesianum
Dioscoreaceae
	Borderea chouardii			Endangered
Dracacenaceae
	Dracaena draco	Drago
Dracaena tamaranae	Drago de Gran Canaria, Drago		At Risk of Extinction
Euphorbiaceae
	Euphorbia bourgeauana	Tabaiba Tenerife yellow
Jandia Cardon
	Euphorbia lambii	The Yellow Tabaïba Gomera
	Euphorbia margalidian	Llatrera		Vulnerable
	Euphorbia mellifera	Monteverde's Tabaiba
Euphorbia nevadensis subsp. nevadensis
Gentianaceae
Centaurium rigualii
	Centaurium somedanum
			In danger of extinction
	Ediroum paularense
Vulnerable
Vulnerable
Sierra Nevada Alfirello			Vulnerable
Globulariaceae
	Globularia ascanii	Mosquera de Tamadaba
	sarcophyla globularia	Tirajana Mosquera		Graminae
	Festuca briganthin
	Festuca elegans
	Festuca summititana
	Holcus setiglumis subsp. duriensis
Micropyropsis tuberosa
Puccinellia pungens
Iridaceae
	Iris boissieri
	Labiatae
Dracocephalum austriacum
glomerata microshop	Taganana Tomillo		In danger of extinction
	Microstore
Rosmarinus tomentosus
	Herbanic Salvia	Majorera service
Sideritis cystosiphon
glauca
Discolor Sideritis	Doramas white Salvia
	Sideritis infernalis
	Sideritis javwirelensis
	Marmorea Sideritis	Aluce Chajorra
Serrata Sideritis			At Risk of Extinction
	Teucrium charidemi
	Teucrium turredanum
	Thymus carnosus
	Thymus lossi	Sanjuanero Tomillo
Thymus albicans	Almoradux, Mejorana		In danger of extinction
Leguminosae
	Adenocarpus ombriosus	Codeso herreno
	Anagyris latifolia			On extinction
	Anthylis hystrix
Astragalus tremolsianus
Cicer canariensis			Vulnerable
	Dorycnium spectabile	risco tree rosé
	Genista beneavensis	Retamon palmero
	Genista dorycnifolia
Lotus berthelotii	Picopaloma		In danger of extinction
Lotus calis-viridis	Green Anden Corazoncillo
Lotus eremiticus	Picocernico		In danger of extinction
Lotus kunkelii	Jinamar Yerbamuda
Lotus maculatus	The Sauzal Peak
Lotus pyranthus	Fire Peak		In danger of extinction
	Medicago citrine				Vulnerable
Teline nervosa	Gildana peluda
Teline rosmarinifolia	White Risco Gildana
	Teline rosmarinifolia subsp. Eurifolia
Teline salsoloids	The Fragile Retamon
Vicia bifololata
	lentibulariaceae
	Pinguicula nevadensis
Liliaceae
Allium grosi
Androcymbium europaeum
	Androlocyum psammophilum
Androcymbium hirense	Cebollin		In danger of extinction
asparagus fallax	Monteverde's stud stud		Endangered
	Ornithogalum reverchoni
Lythraceae
	Lythrum flexuosum
	Malvaceae		Malvaceae
Myricaceae
	Myrica rives-martinezi	Faya Herrena
Cypripedium calceolus	dame, Esclops		In danger of extinction
	Himantoglossum metlesicsianum	Tenerife Orchid
Spiranthes aestivalis
Papaveraceae
Rupicapus subsp. Decipiens			At Risk of Extinction
Sarcocapnos baetica subsp. Baetica	Virgin Zapaptics
	Vulnerable	Integryflora
	Sarcocapnos speciosa	Lucia Grass		Plantaginaceae
Plantago algarbiossis
	famarae	Famara Pinillo
Limonium arborescens	Siemprevarva tree
Limonium dendroids	giant Siempreview		In extinction
	Limonium dodarti
The Fraile
	Limonium magallufianum	Saladine
Limonium majoricum	Siemprevva
Limonium malacitanum		In danger of extinction
	Limonium ovalifolium	Wild Celga
	Limonium lazi	Masca
	Limonium perplexum	Peniscola Saladilla,			Limonium pseudodictyocladum
Saladina
	Limonium preauxii
Limonium spectabile	Guelgue's Siemprevva			Limonium svengeni
blue			Vulnerable
1		Mediterranean	Mediterranean
	Polygonaceae
Rumex rupestris
	Primulaceae
	Androsace pyrenaica
	Lysimachia minoricensis	Minorcan Lisimachia
	Soldanela villosa
Ranunculaceae
	Aquilegia pyrenaica subsp.cazorlensis				At Risk of Extinction
	Delphinium bolosi	I expect Bolos
	Ranunculus parnassifolius
Boto d' or
Rosaceae
Bencomia brachystachya	Tirajana Bencomia		In danger of extinction
	Bencomia extipulata			At Risk of Extinction
Herrena Bencomia
Dendriopterium pulidoi
		Rubiaceae
	Galium viridiflorum
	Rutaceae
Ruda gomera
Santalaceae
Kunkeliella canariensis	Guayadee pick
	Kunkeliella psilotocada	Choose
Kunkeliella subsucculent		In danger of extinction
	Saxifraga vayredana
Sapotaceae
	Sideroxylon	Marmolan
Scrophulariaceae
	Antirrhinum charidemi
Anthirrhinum lopesianum
	Isotorexis chalcantha	Doramas Crestagallo		At Risk of Extinction
isabelliana			extinction
	Linaria tursica
Lindernia procumbens
	Odontites granatensis
Veronica microtha
	Solanaceae
	Normania nava
Solanum lidi	Temisas Piminteger		In danger of extinction
	Solanum evening subsp. doramae
Daphne rodriguezi	Dafne menorqui
Thymelaea broteriana	Pajarera Portuguese
	Thymelaea lythroids
Umbelliferae
handiense	Jandia Anis
Ferula latipina	Herrena Canaheja
	Laserpium longiradium			In danger extinction
	Balearic Naufraga	Naucraga		Seseli intricatum
Thorella verticillatinundata
	Jaubertian Viola
	Cymodocea nodosa	Seba	Mediterranean and Atlantic of the Iberian Peninsula
				Mediterranean
Nanozostera noltii	sea Seba narrow, fine Seba	Canary
Nanozostera noltii
BRYOPHYTA
Vogesian Bruchia
Buxbaumia viridis			Vulnerable
Echinodium spinosum
	Hamatocaulis vernicosus
Marsuppel
Orthotrichum rogeri
	Petalophylum ralfsii
Riela
CHLOROPHYTA
Caulerpa ollivieri		Mediterranean
RODOPHYTA
	Gymnogongrus crenulatus		Mediterranean
Kalymenia spathulata		Mediterranean
Lythophyllum byssoides		Mediterranean
	Mediterranean
	Schimmelmannia schousboei		Mediterranean	Mediterranean
	Sphaerococcus rhizophyloids		Mediterranean
okontopyta
Laminaria rodriguezi		Mediterranean
Sargassum flavifolium		Mediterranean
	Mediterranean
Sargassum trichocarpum		Mediterranean	Mediterranean Centro_table_body ">

¹ The Autonomous Communities, or where appropriate, the General Administration of the State may regulate the operations of anchorage of vessels or other similar ones.

Scientific Name

Cerambyx pork

Cucujus cinnaberinus

Maculinea arion

Polyommatus golgus

Lurida lurid

Mitra Zonata

Theodoxus velascoi

Pinna nobilis

Astroides calycularis

Vulnerable

Axinela polypoides

PECES

PETROMYZONTIFORMES

Lampetra planeri

Cetorhinidae

Mobulidae

Mobular Mobula

TETRAODONTIFORMES

Chilomycterus atringa

Acipenser sturio

Hispanic

Cottus aturi (= C. gobio)

Salamandridae

Emys orbicularis

Chamaeleonidae

Chamaeleo chamaeleon

Gekkonidae

Scincidae

Chalcides bedriagai

Chalcides sexlineatus

Vulnerable

aranica (formerly Aranica Lacerta)

Timon tangitanus (formerly Lacerta tangitana

Austrian Coronella

Hierophis viridflavus (formerly Coluber viridflavus)

Podiceps nigricolis

Bubulcus ibis

Nycticorax nycticorax

Anatidae

leucocephala

Accipitridae

Accipiter gentilis

Accipiter nits

danger of extinction

Circus aeruginosus

aquitanicus

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Vulnerable

Charadriidae

Calidris minuta

Larus marinus

Uria aalge

Clamator glandarius

Tyto alba alba

Casio flammeus

Capululgus europaeus

Apodidae

Calandrella brachydactyla

Chersophilus duponti

Galerida Cristata

Delichon urbinum

Anthus petrosus

Cinclidae

Cincludes cinclus

Troglodytidae

Oenanthe oenanthe

Saxicola dacotiae

Acrocephalus Schoenobaenus

Phylloscopus canariensis

Certhia brachydactyla

Rhinolophidae

Myotis alcathoe (= M. mystacinus)

Myotis blythi

Vulnerable

Pipistrellus pipistrelus

Lutra lutra

Felis silvestris

Globicephala mela

Phocoena Phocoena

Common Name	Referred Population	Catalog
INVERTEBRATES
	ARTROPODA
	crustacea
	Decapoda
Australobius pallipes	River Crab		Vulnerable
	Munidopsis polymorpha	Jameito
Panulirus echinatus	Herrena Locust
Nectiopod
Speleonectes ondinae	Remipedo from the james		In danger of extinction
INSECTA
Coleoptera
Buprestis splendens
	Carabus (Mesocarabus) riffensis
	Chasmatopterus zonatus
	Dorystthenes (Ostomgnathus) forficatus
Limoniscus violaceus	Spring Esload		Vulnerable
Lucanus cervus
osmoderma erissue
	Pimelia granulicolis	Pimelia of the sands		In danger Extinction
	Rhopalomesites euphorbiae	Mount tabaiba Picudo
Rosalia
			In danger of
Lepidoptera
Eriogaster catax
	Euphydryas aurinia
Hyles hippophaes
Lopinga achine
Lycaena hele
		Vulnerable	Vulnerable
	Parnassius apollo
Parnassius mnemosyne
Sierra Nevada Nina
Mante_table
Apteromantis aptera
Gomphus graslinii
	Leucorrhinia pectoralis
	Lindenia tetraphilla			Endangered
Macrolia splendens	Libelula		In extinction
	Ophiogomphus cecilia	Libelula		Endangered
Oxygastra curtisii	Libelula
Acrostri_tabla_table_izq">Acrostria euphorbiae	palmer stick cigarettes
	Uustulata Baetica
	pedo
ARACNIDA
Phalangoddae
Maiorerus randoi	Opilion cavern majoring		In danger of extinction
MOLLUSCA
GASTROPRUNING
	Ranelle
Charonia lampas lampas
Vulnerable
Charonia tritonis variegata	Bucio	Mediterranean
	Mediterranean	Mediterranean
	Dendroma petraeum
Elona chimperiana
	Geomalacus maculosus
	Mediterranean
	Mediterranean
	Nucela lapilus
	Patella candei candei	Lapa majorera		In danger of extinction
	ferruginea
Patella ulyssiponensis
		Mediterranean
		In danger of extinction
	Tonna galea	Mediterranean		Mediterranean
	Vertigo moulinsiana
	Zonaria pyrum		Mediterranean
BIVALVIA
Anisomyaria
	Lithophaga lithophaga		Mediterranean
	Pholas dactylus
Nacra, Nacar
		Mediterranean
Unionoid
Margaritifera	Margaritone
	Margaritifera margaritifera
Unio tumidiformis (before U. crassus)
Asterine pancerii	Small Captain Star
Centrotephanus longispinus
	Ophidiaster ophidianus	Star purple	Mediterranean
cnidaria
	ANTOZOA
Vulnerable
	Mediterranean
Savalia savaglia		Mediterranean
bryozoa
	Hornera lichenoids		Mediterranean
		Mediterranean		Mediterranean
Axinella cannabina		Mediterranean
	Mediterranean
	Geodia cydonium			Mediterranean
Sarcopagus pipette		Mediterranean
Petromyzontidae
stream Lamprea
	Petromyzon marinus	Marine Lamprea	Rios Guadiana, Guadalquivir, and Ebro and Cuenca Sur	Endangered
CARCHARHINIFORMES
2
	Carcharodon	White Shark	Mediterranean
Cetorhinus maximus	pegrine shark	Mediterranean and Iberian Atlantic
	Alopidae2
RAJIFORMES
Mediterranean		Mediterranean
SYNGNATHIFORMS
Syngnathidae
	Hippocampus guttulatus (= H. ramulosus)	Sea Horse	Mediterranean and Iberian Atlantic
	Hippocampus Hippocampus	Sea Horse	Mediterranean and Iberian Atlantic
Diodontidae
Thorny tamboril
ACIPENSERIFORMES
	Acipenseridae
		At Risk of Extinction
	CYPRINIFORMES
Cyprinidae
Anaecypris	Jarabugo
	Chondrostoma arcasi	Bermejuela
Parachondrostoma arrigonis (=Chondrostoma arrigonis)	Loina		In extinction
	Squalius palaciosi (=Iberocypris palaciosi)	Bogardilla		At Risk of Extinction
Aphanius baeticus	Salinet, Atlantic Fartet
	Aphanius Iberus
Valenciidae
Samaruc
PERCEIFORMES
Blenniidae
	Salaria fluviatilis (= Blennius fluviatilis)	Fraile
Cottidae
Burtaina
	Cottus hispaniolensis (= C. gobio)	Cavilat		In extinction
AMPHIBIANS
CAUDATA
Lusitanical Chioglossa	Salamander rabilarga
Calotriton arnoldi	Montseny Triton		In extinction
	Calotriton (Euproctus) asper	Pyrenean Triton
Lissotriton boscai (formerly Triturus boscai)	Iberian Triton
	Lissotriton helveticus (formerly Triturus helveticus)	Palmeado Triton
	(formerly Triturus alpestris)	Alpine Triton
Gallipato
	Salamander Altour
	marmoratus	jaspeate Triton
Triturus pygmaeus	Triton pygmeo
	anura
Alytidae
Alytes cisternasi	Iberian Sapo Partero
Alytes dickhileni			Vulnerable	Vulnerable
	Alytes muletensis			At Risk of Extinction
	Alytes obstetricians	Common Sap
Discoversyour Galganoi	Sapillo Iberian Pintojo
	Discoglossus jeanneae	Sapillo southern pintojo
	Discoglossus pictus	Mediterranean pintojo
Ranidae
Rana dalmatin	agile frog
	Iberian	Rana patilong
	Rana pyrenaica	pirenaic frog
Frog	frog frog
	Pelobatidae
Pelobates cultripes	Sout-of-the-box Sap
Pelodytes ibericus (formerly P. punctatus)	Iberico Sapillo
	Pelodytes punctatus
Hylidae			Hylidae
	Hyla arborea
	Hyla meridionalis	Southern Ranita	Peninsula and Baleares
Bufonidae
Bufo calamite	runner Sap
Bufo balearicus (= Bufo viridis)	Balearic green Sapo
REPTILES
chelonia
	Testudinidae
Testudo graeca	Turtle Mora
Mediterranean Turtle	Balearics		Baleares
	Testudo twinni	Turtle Mediterranean	Peninsula
Cheloniidae
Caretta caretta
Chelonia mydas	Green Turtle
	Eretmochelys imbricata	Carey Turtle
Lepidochelys kempi	Golfina Turtle
Dermochelyidae
	Dermochelys coriacea
	Emydidae	Emydidae
	Bataguridae
Mauremys leprose	Galapago leproso
SAURIA
Common Chameleon
	Hemidactylus turcus	pink-to-pink
Tarentola angangumentalis	Perenquen majorero
	Tarentola delalandi
	Tarentola gomerensis	Perenquen gomero o Prachan
Common Quotient
Iberian Eslay
	Chalcides pseudotriatus	Atlas tridactyl
Lisa grancanaria
Chalcides simonyi	Lisneja
Chalcides striatus (formerly Chalcides chalcides)	Esparton tridactyl
	Chalcides viridanus
Lacertidae		Lacertidae
	Acanthodactylus erythrurus	Lagartija colirred
	Algyroides marchi	Valverde Lagartija
Gallotia	Atlantic Lizard
Gallotia gomerana			extinction
	Gallotia galloti insulanagae
Tenerife giant lizard
Gallotia simonyi	The Iron
	Gallotia stehlini
Lagartija aranesa
Iberolacerta Aurelioi (formerly Lacerta Aurelioi)			In danger of extinction
Iberolacerta bonnali (formerly Lacerta bonnali)	Lagartija pirenaica
	Iberolacerta cyreni
martinezricai	Batueca Lagartija
	Monticultural Iberolacerta (formerly Monticultural Lacerta)	Serrana Lagartija
Lacerta agilis	Lagarto agile		In danger of extinction
	Lacerta bilineata (=Lacerta viridis bilineata)	Green lizard
Lacerta schreiberi	Verdinegro Lagarto
Poddaris vaucheri (formerly Poddaris hispanic)	Andalusian Lagartija
	Podartis lilfordi	Lagartija Balearic
	Podartis muralis	Lagartija roquera
Poddartis	Italian Lagartija	Menorca
	Psammodromus algirus
		Psammodromus hispanic		Lagartija Cinderella
	Timon lepidus (formerly Lacerta lepidus)	Laging Lizard
	Zootoca Vivipara	Turban Lagartija
	Amphisbaenidae
Blanus cinereus
Blanus tingitanus		Tanger blind-blind
	Trogonophis wiegmanni	Culebrilla Mora elegans
	Anguidae
Anguis fragilis	Lution
European Lisa Culebra
Girondic Coronella	Lisa Culebra southern
Hemorpo_table_izq">Hemorhois hippocrepis (formerly Coluber hippocrepis)	horseshoe Culebra
Verdiyellow Culebra
Macroprotodon brevis (formerly M. Cuculatus)	Western Cangle Culebra
	Macroprotodon mauritanicus (formerly M. Cuculatus	Eastern-cogline
Natri_table_table_izq">Natrix	Viperin Culebra	Peninsula, Ceuta, and Melilla.
	Natrix Natrix	Necklace Culebra
	Rhinechis scalaris (formerly Elaphe scalaris)	Ladder Culebra
Zamenis longissimus (formerly Elaphe longissima)	Sculpapio Culebra
	Viperidae
	Vipera latastei
AVES
arctic	Arctic Colimbo
Gavia	Large Colimbo
	Gavia stellata	Colimbo Chico
PODICEDIFORMES
Podiceps auritus	Zampulin hang red
	Podiceps crystatus
Podiceps	Zampulin hang-in-law
	Tachybaptus ruficollis	common zampulin
processarIIformats
Bulwer Bulweri
	Calonectris diomedea borealis
	diomedea	Cinderella
Fulmarus glacialis	Fulmarus
	Puffinus assimilis
Puffinus gravis		Capiroted Pardela
Puffinus griseus	Grisestop
	Puffinus mauretanicus	Balearic		At Risk of Extinction
Puffinus puffinus	Pichonet Pardela		Vulnerable
	Puffinus yelkouan	Mediterranean Stop
	Hydrobatidae
	Hydrobes pelagicus	European Painter
	Ocasodrome	Madeira Painter
	Oceanodroma leucorhoa	Boreal Painter
Pelagodrome	Painter Pechialbo, Dancer
PELECANIFORMES
Phalacrocoridae
Phalacrocorax Aristotelis	Cormoran monudo
Sulidae
	Morus bassanus
CICONIFORMES
Ardeidae
Ardea cinerea	Garza real
Ardea purpurea	imperial Garza
	Ardeola ralides	Garcilla Scissor
Bueyera Garcilla
	Botaurus stellaris	Common Avetoro		At Risk of Extinction
	Egretta garzetta	Common Garceta
Ixobrychus minutus
	Common Martinette
Ciconidae
Cyconia Ciconia	White Ciguena
Ciconia	Black Ciguena
Platalea leucorodia	Common Spatula
	Plegadis falcinellus
	PHOENICOPTERIFORMS
Phoenicopteridae
	Phoenicopterus (ruber) roseus	Common Flame
anseriformes
	Aythya mariel	Porron bastard
	Aythya nyroca	Pardo Porron		In danger of extinction
	Branta bernicla	Barnacla carinegra
Branta leukopsis	Barnacla caribwhite
Bucephala clangula	Osculated Porron
	Marmaronetta tirostris	Cerceta pardilla
Malvasia ringleader
	ferruginee Tadoma	Canelo Tarro
	Tadoma Tadoma
falconiformes
	Pandionidae
	Pandion haliaetus	Sfishing Eagle
	Accipiter nits	Common Gavilan
	Aegypius monachus	Black vulture
Aquila adalberti	Iberian Imperial Eagle
	Aquila chrysaetos	Eagle real
	Buteo buteo	Common Ratonero
Circaetus galicus	Culebrera Eagle
Western laguner
cyaneus	Pale Eagle
pygergus	cenzo Eagle
caeruleus	Common Elanio
	Gypaetus barbatus			On extinction
	Gyps fulvus	Leonated vulture
	Hieraaetus fasciatus	Perdicage Eagle
Hieraaetus pennatus	Causeway Eagle
Milvus migrans	black Milano
	Milvus milvus	actual Milano
Neophron percnopterus	Peninsula and Balearic
	Neophron percnopterus majorensis	Canarian feed	Canarias	In danger of extinction
Pernis apivorus
Falconidae		Falcondae
	Falco columbarius	Esmery
Falco eleonorae	Eleonora Falcon
Falco naumanni
Falco Pels			Halcon tagarote
Falco Peregrine	Peregrine Falcon
Subbuteal Falco	European Alcoa
	Falco tinnunculus	Common Cern_body
	Falco	red-red Cernicalo
	Galliformats
	Tetraonidae
	Lagopus muta
Pyrenean Urogallo
				At Risk of Extinction
GRUformats
Turnix sylvatica	Torillo		In danger of extinction
Gruidae
Grus grus	Common Crane
Rallidae
Crex crex	Codorices Guion
	Fulica Cristata	Focha cornuda or moruna		In Danger extinction
	Porphyrio porphyrio	Common Calamon
	Parva Porzana	Polluela bastarda
	Porzana	Pintoja Polluela
Porzana	Girl chick
Otitidae
Chlamydotis undulata	Avutarda hubara		In danger of extinction
	Otis takes	Common Avg
	Tetrax			vulnerable
charadriiformats
Hematopodidae
	Haematopus ostralegal	Eurasian Ostrer
	Recurvirostridae
Himantopus himantopus	Common Ciguenuela
avosetta	Common Avoca
Burhinidae
Burhinus oedicnemus oedicnemus/insularum		Peninsula, Balearic and the Canary Islands
Burhinus oedicnemus distinctus
Glareolidae
cursor cursor	Peninsula			Peninsula
	Cursorius cursor	Engana	Canary
Gareola pratinqueue	Common Canastera
Charadrius alexandrinus	Chorliyew skateboard	Peninsula and Balearic
	Charadrius alexandrinus	skateboard Chorlitege	Canary
	Charadrius dubius	Chico Chorlitege
Charadrius hyaticula	Large Chorlige
Charadrius (Eudroms) morinellus	Chorlito carambolus
		gray Chorlito
	Actitis hypoleucos	Chico Andarrios
	Arenaria interpres	Common stones
Calidris alba	Correlimos tridactylo
Calidris	Common Correlms
Calidris canutus
Calidris ferruginee		Correlimos zarapitin
Calidris maritime	Dark Correlimos
Correlimos oftentimes
	Calidris temmincki
lapponics limose	Collipint Needle
	Limosa Limosa	Colinegra Needle
	Numenius archata	Actual Zarapito	Except Galicia
	Numenius archata	real Zarapito	Galicia
Numenius phaopus	Zarapito trinator
	Numenius tenuirrostris
Phalaropus fulicarius	Phalaropus	picogrueso Faloropo
	Phalaropus lobatus	picofino Faloropus
	Philomachus pugnax	Fighter
Tringa erythropus	Dark Archibaby
Tringa gareola	bastard Andarries
	Tringa nebula	Archibaby clear
	Tringa ochropus
Tringa stagnatilis	Fine Archibaby
	Tringa totanus	Common baby file
Stercorariidae
Stercorarius parasiticus	parasite Pagalo
Stercorarius pomarinus	Pagalo pomarino
	Stercorarius skua	Pay it large
Laridae
	Larus audouini	Gaviota de Audouin		Vulnerable
	Larus canus	Cane Gaviota
Larus genei	Gaviota picofina
Larus melanocephalus	Black ringleader
	Larus minutus	dwarf Gaviota
Rissa tridactyla	Gaviota tridactyla
Sternidae
Chlidinias hybridus	Fumel caribwhite
	Chlidinias leucopterus	Fumalel aliblanco
	Chlidinias niger			In danger of extinction	Gelochelidon nilotics	Piconegra Pagaza
Sterna (Thalasseus) sandvicensis	Charran skateboard
	Sterna albifrons
Sterna caspia	Piquirred Pagaza
	Sterna douGallii	Rosé Charran
	Sterna hirundo	Common Charran
Sterna paradisaea	Arctic Charran
Alca torda	Common Alca
arctic Fraterticle	Frasilecillo Atlantic
	Uria aalge	Common Araor	Non-Reproducer
Common Arao	Reproducer	In danger of extinction
pterocliformats
Ptero_table_table_izq">Pterocles alchata	Common Ganga
	Pterocles orientalis
COLUMBIFORMES		COLUMBIFORMES
	Columbidae
	Columba bolli	Paloma turque
	Columba junoniae	Paloma rabiche
CUCULIFORMES
	Cuculidae
European crimp
Cuculus		Cuco
STRigiformes
Tytonidae
	Tyto alba gracirirostris	Lechuza majorera
Strigidae
	Aegolius funereus	Boreal Mochuelo		Vulnerable
Country owl
Asio otus	boy owl
Athene noctua	Common Mochuelo
Bubo bubo	actual owl
Otus scops	European Authillo
Strix aluco	Common Carabo
CAPRIMULGIFORMES
Chotacabra
Capululgus ruficollis
	APODIFORMES
Apus apus
	Apus caffer		Caffer Vencejo
	Apus melba	Actual Vencejo
Apus palidus	Pale Vencel
	Apus unicolor	unicolor Vencejo
Alcedo atthis	Martin angler
Coraciidae
Coracias garrulus	Carraca
Upupidae
	Upupa epops	Abubilla
piciformats
			extinction
	Dendropos major
Dendrocopos medius			Medium Pico
Dendropos	Minor Peak
	Dryocopus martius	Black Pito
Jynx torquel	Torcecuello
Picus viridis	Actual Success
PASSSERIFORMES
Common Terra
Calandrela rufescens
Dupont or ricoti's Alondra		Vulnerable
Common Cogujada
Galerida theklae
	Lullula arborea	Totovia
Melanocorypha calandra
Hirundinidae		Hirundinidae
Common Avion
	Hirundo
Hirundo	Common Golondrin
Ptyonoprogne rupestris	Aircraft aircraft
Riparia riparia	Avion Zapper
Motacillidae
Anthus bertheloti	Bisbita walker
Anthus campestris	Bisbita Country
	Anthus cervinus	Gorgirred Bisbita
coastal Bisbita
	Anthus pratensis	Common Bisbita
Anthus spinoletta	Alpine Bisbita
Anthus trivialis	Arboreal Bisbita
whitetop	White Lavender
Motacilla
Motacilla	Boyera Lavender
	Troglodytes troglodytes	Chochin
	Prunellidae
Prunella colaris	Alpine Acentor
Prunella modularis	Common Acentor
Alzacola
	erithacus rubecula	Pettirred
Luscinia megarhynchos	Common Ruisenor
	Monticola saxatilis	Red rocker
	Monticola solitarius
Oenanthe Hispanic		Oenanit Hispanic	Blonde Collalba
	Oenanthe Leucura	Black Collalba
gray Collalba
Phoenicurus ochruros
Phoenicurus phoenicurus	Actual Colred
Canarian Tarabilla		Vulnerable
	Saxicola rubitra	Northern Tarabilla
	Turdus torquatus	Mirlo capwhite
Sylviidae
	Acrocephalus arundinaceus
	Acrocephalus melanopogon	Actual Carricerin
	Acrod_table	Carricerin cejudo
Common Carricerin
Acrocephalus scirpaceus	Common Carrer
	Cettia cetti	Ruisenor bastard
	Cisticola juncidis
	Hippolais icterin	Zarcero icterino
	Hippolais pallida	pale Zarzero
	Hippolais polyglotta	Common Zarzero
Locstela luscinioides	Searching the unicolor
Locus_table_table_izq"> Locale
	Phyllocopus bonelli
Canarian Mosquiteer
Phyllo_tabla_table_izq">Phylloscopus collybita	Common Mosquiteer
Phylloscopus ibericus	Mosquitero Iberian
	Phylloscopus sibilatrix
Phylloscopus trochilus	Musical Mosquiteer
Reguus ignicapilus	reneutilus listing
Regulus Regulus	Simple Reguil_table
Sylvia atricapila	Capiroted Curruca
Sylvia borin
cantilans	Sylvia cantilans	Carrasquena Curruca
	communis	Curruca zarwax
Sylvia conspillata	Curruca tomillera
Sylvia curruca	Curruca zarcerilla
	Sylvia hortensis	Curruca mircanvas
melanocephala	Black ringleader
	Sylvia balearic (= S. sarda)	Sarda or Balearic Curruca
Sylvia undata	Rabilarga Curruca
Muscicapidae
Ficedula hypoleuca	Papamoscas cerrored
	Muscicape
Timaliidae
	Panurus biarmicus	Bigotudo
Aegithalidae
	Aegithalos caudatus	Myth
Paridae
Periparus	Ticks
	Cyanistes caeruleus	Common Herring
	Lophophanes crystatus
	Parus major		Parus major	Common Carboner
	Poecile palustris	palustre Carbonero
Sittidae
Sitta europaea	Blue Trepper
	Trepair
Certhiidae
Common Agatter
	Certhia familiaris
Remizidae
	Remiz pendulinus	Pajaro moscon
	Oriolidae
	Oriolus oriolus
	Laniidae		Laniidae
Lanius collurium	Alcaudon dorsired
Lanius meridionalis	Southern real Alcaudon
Lanius		At Risk of Extinction
	Lanius	Common Alcaudon
	Cyanus cyanus	Rabilargo
Pyrrhocorax graculus	Chova piquigalda
Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
Passeridae
	Montifringila nivalis
		Chillon Gorrion
Fringillidae
	Githagineus Bucanets	Tromper Camachuelo
Carduelis spinus	Lugano
Coccothraaustes coccothraaustes	Picogordo
Fringilla coelebs		Canarias
	Fringilla montifringila	Actual Pinzon
	Fringilla teydea polatzeki	Gran Canaria blue Pinzon
Fringilla teydea teydea	Blue Pinzon Tenerife
	curviroyster Loxia	Common Piquitter
	Pyrrhula pyrrhula	Common Camachuelo
	Serinus citrinel	Verderon serrano
Emberizidae
Emberiza cia	Montesino Desktop
	Emberiza
Emberiza citrinella	Token-board
Emberize
	Emberiza Schoeniclus Schoeniclus
	Emberiza schoeniclus whiterby/lusitanica	Palustre desktop		At Risk of Extinction
	Plectrophenax nivalis
MAMMALS
ERINACEOMORPHA
Atelerix algirus	Erizo moruno	Peninsula and Balearics
oricomorPHA
Soriicae
			Vulnerable	Vulnerable
Talpidae
Galemys pyrenaicus	Desman Iberian	Except Central System
Galemys pyrenaicus	Iberian Desman	System Central
CHIROPTERA
Rhinolophus euryale	horseshoe Mediterranean bat
Rhinolophus ferrumequinum	Large horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus hipposers	Small horseshoe bat
Rhinolophus mehelyi	Horseshoe Medium Bat
Evening
	Barbastellus Barbastela
	Eptesicus isabelinus (before E. serotinus)	Mediterranean Hortelane Bat
Eptesicus serotinus	Bat hortelano
	Hypsugo savi
	Miniopterus schreibersi	Cave Bat
Small bigotudo bat bat
Myotis bechsteinii	Forest Raton Bat
Medium Raton Bat		Vulnerable
	Myotis capaccini	Patudo Bat
Myotis daubentoni	riparian bat
Myotis emarginatus
Vulnerable
Myotis myotis	Large Ratonero Bat		Vulnerable
Myotis mystacinus
Myotis nattereri = M. escalerai)	Natterer Bat
Myotis punicus	Morun ratonero bat
Nyctalus lasopterus
Nyctalus leisleri	Vulnerable		Small label
	Nyctalus noctula	Medium Noctitle
Pipistrellus kuhli	Bat clear edge
	Pipistrellus timber
	Pipistrellus nathusi	Nathusius Bat
Bat common
Pipistrelus pygmaeus (formerly P. pipistrellus)	Cabrera Bat
	Plecotus austriacus
	Plecotus macrobularis	Alpine Ear Bat
Plecotus teneriffae	Canarian Orejudo
Molosidae
Tadarida teniotis
RODENTIA
Gliridae
Eliomys munbyanus	Liron caret magrebi
Muridae
Microtus cabrerae	Cabrera Topillo
	Wolf	Wolf Centro_table_body "> Andalusia, Castilla-La Mancha, and Extremadura
Ursidae
	Ursus arctos			extinction
Mustelidae
Nutra
	Mustela erminea
Mustela Mustela	European Vison
Felidae
Cat mounts
	Lynx pardinus	Iberian Lince
Monachus monachus	Mediterranean monk seal		In danger of extinction
CETACEA
Balaenopteridae
	actorospit\rquote
Balaenoptera borealis	Northern Rorwhich		Vulnerable
Balaenoptera edeni/brydei	Rorual tropical
Balaenoptera musculus	Blue Rorwhich		Vulnerable
Balaenoptera physalus	Common Rorwhich
	Megaptera novaeangliae	Yubarta
Kogiidae
Kogia breviceps	pigmeo Cacheote
	Kology	dwarf Cachete
Balaenidae
	Eubalaena glacialis	Basque Whale
Physeter macrocephalus	Cachete
Delphinidae
Delphinus delphis	Common Delete	Atlantic
	Delphinus delphis	Common Dolphin	Mediterranean
	Globicephala macrorhynchus	Calderón tropical		Vulnerable
common Calderon	Mediterranean
	Globicephala mela	common Calderon	Atlantic
	Grampus griseus	Calderón gray
	Lagenodelphis hosei	Fraser Delfin
	Orcinus orca	Orca	Except Gibraltar Strait and Gulf of Cadiz
	Orcinus orca	Orca	Gibraltar and Gulf of Cadiz Strait
pseudorca crassidens	False orca
	Stenella Uleealba	Delfin listed
Stenella frontalis	Atlantic mottage
Stenor bredanensis	Rugged Teeth Dolphin
	Tursiops truncatus	Mular Delfin
Phocoenidae
Common Marsoup
Ziphiidae
	Hyperoodon ampulatus	Northern calderon
Mesoplodon densirostris	Zifio Blainville
Zifio of Gervais
	Mesoplodon mirus	Zifio of True
	Ziphius cavirostris

² All species of the families Sphyrnidae (genus Sphyrna and Eusphyra) and Alopidae (genus Alopies).